概述:

分别使用文件的系统调用read(fd, buf, nbytes), write(fd, buf, nbytes)和文件的库函数fread(buf, size, nitems, fp),fwrite(buf, size, nitems, fp),编写一个文件的复制程序。

目的:

文件的系统调用和文件的库函数在底层,前者每次读写都需要进入核心态操作,文件的库函数增加了Buffer减少了进入核心态的次数。

Code:

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
/*copy file , if way ==1, use read/write, else use fread/fwrite, at the same time, it counts time consumed*/
int mycopy(int way, int step)
{
time_t start_tm, stop_tm;
FILE *srcf,*destf;
char buff[4096];
int i, sfd,dfd;
time(&start_tm); //获得起始时间
for (i=0; i<1024; i=i+step)
{
if(way==1)
{
sfd=open("in.txt",O_RDONLY,0644); // 输入文件
dfd=open("out.txt",O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0644);
// 输出文件
read(sfd,buff,step);
write(dfd,buff, step);
close(sfd);
close(dfd);
}
else
{
srcf=fopen("in.txt","r");
destf=fopen("out.txt","w");
fread(buff,step*sizeof(char),1,srcf);
fwrite(buff,step*sizeof(char),1,destf);
close(srcf);
close(destf);
}
}
time(&stop_tm); // 获得结束时间
printf("\ntime used for copy file by means of %s,%d byte per time: %ds",
way?"read,write":"fread,fwrite",step,(int)(stop_tm-start_tm));
//print information for testing
return 0;
}

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
/*当上述函数中nbytes, size和nitems都取值为1时(即一次读写一个字节),比较这两种程序的执行效率。*/
if (mycopy (1,1))
return 1;
if (mycopy (0,1))
return 1;
/*当nbytes取1024字节,size取1024字节,且nitems取1时(即一次读写1024字节),再次比较这两种程序的执行效率。*/
if (mycopy (1,1024))
return 1;
if (mycopy (0,1024))
return 1;
return 0;
}